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\title{Queen Mab}
\date{1813}
\author{Percy Bysshe Shelley}
\subtitle{A Philosophical Poem}




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\tableofcontents
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\section{To Harriet}


Whose is the love that, gleaming through the world,


Wards off the poisonous arrow of its scorn?


Whose is the warm and partial praise,


Virtue’s most sweet reward?


Beneath whose looks did my reviving soul


Riper in truth and virtuous daring grow?


Whose eyes have I gazed fondly on,


And loved mankind the more?


Harriet! on thine: – thou wert my purer mind;


Thou wert the inspiration of my song;


Thine are these early wilding flowers,


Though garlanded by me.


Then press into thy breast this pledge of love;


And know, though time may change and years may roll,


Each floweret gathered in my heart


It consecrates to thine.

\chapter{I}


How wonderful is Death,


Death, and his brother Sleep!


One, pale as yonder waning moon


With lips of lurid blue;


The other, rosy as the morn


When throned on ocean’s wave


It blushes o'er the world;


Yet both so passing wonderful!


Hath then the gloomy Power


Whose reign is in the tainted sepulchres


Seized on her sinless soul?


Must then that peerless form


Which love and admiration cannot view


Without a beating heart, those azure veins


Which steal like streams along a field of snow,


That lovely outline which is fair


As breathing marble, perish?


Must putrefaction’s breath


Leave nothing of this heavenly sight


But loathsomeness and ruin?


Spare nothing but a gloomy theme,


On which the lightest heart might moralize?


Or is it only a sweet slumber


Stealing o'er sensation,


Which the breath of roseate morning


Chaseth into darkness?


Will Ianthe wake again,


And give that faithful bosom joy


Whose sleepless spirit waits to catch


Light, life and rapture, from her smile?


Yes! she will wake again,


Although her glowing limbs are motionless,


And silent those sweet lips,


Once breathing eloquence


That might have soothed a tiger’s rage


Or thawed the cold heart of a conqueror.


Her dewy eyes are closed,


And on their lids, whose texture fine


Scarce hides the dark blue orbs beneath,


The baby Sleep is pillowed;


Her golden tresses shade


The bosom’s stainless pride,


Curling like tendrils of the parasite


Around a marble column.


Hark! whence that rushing sound?


’t is like the wondrous strain


That round a lonely ruin swells,


Which, wandering on the echoing shore,


The enthusiast hears at evening;


’t is softer than the west wind’s sigh;


’t is wilder than the unmeasured notes


Of that strange lyre whose strings


The genii of the breezes sweep;


Those lines of rainbow light


Are like the moonbeams when they fall


Through some cathedral window, but the tints


Are such as may not find


Comparison on earth.


Behold the chariot of the Fairy Queen!


Celestial coursers paw the unyielding air;


Their filmy pennons at her word they furl,


And stop obedient to the reins of light;


These the Queen of Spells drew in;


She spread a charm around the spot,


And, leaning graceful from the ethereal car,


Long did she gaze, and silently,


Upon the slumbering maid.


Oh! not the visioned poet in his dreams,


When silvery clouds float through the wildered brain,


When every sight of lovely, wild and grand


Astonishes, enraptures, elevates,


When fancy at a glance combines


The wondrous and the beautiful,-


So bright, so fair, so wild a shape


Hath ever yet beheld,


As that which reined the coursers of the air


And poured the magic of her gaze


Upon the maiden’s sleep.


The broad and yellow moon


Shone dimly through her form –


That form of faultless symmetry;


The pearly and pellucid car


Moved not the moonlight’s line.


’t was not an earthly pageant.


Those, who had looked upon the sight


Passing all human glory,


Saw not the yellow moon,


Saw not the mortal scene,


Heard not the night-wind’s rush,


Heard not an earthly sound,


Saw but the fairy pageant,


Heard but the heavenly strains


That filled the lonely dwelling.


The Fairy’s frame was slight -yon fibrous cloud,


That catches but the palest tinge of even,


And which the straining eye can hardly seize


When melting into eastern twilight’s shadow,


Were scarce so thin, so slight; but the fair star


That gems the glittering coronet of morn,


Sheds not a light so mild, so powerful,


As that which, bursting from the Fairy’s form,


Spread a purpureal halo round the scene,


Yet with an undulating motion,


Swayed to her outline gracefully.


From her celestial car


The Fairy Queen descended,


And thrice she waved her wand


Circled with wreaths of amaranth;


Her thin and misty form


Moved with the moving air,


And the clear silver tones,


As thus she spoke, were such


As are unheard by all but gifted ear.

\subsection{FAIRY}


‘Stars! your balmiest influence shed!


Elements! your wrath suspend!


Sleep, Ocean, in the rocky bounds


That circle thy domain!


Let not a breath be seen to stir


Around yon grass-grown ruin’s height!


Let even the restless gossamer


Sleep on the moveless air!


Soul of Ianthe! thou,


Judged alone worthy of the envied boon


That waits the good and the sincere; that waits


Those who have struggled, and with resolute will


Vanquished earth’s pride and meanness, burst the chains,


The icy chains of custom, and have shone


The day-stars of their age; -Soul of


Ianthe!


Awake! arise!’


Sudden arose


Ianthe’s Soul; it stood


All beautiful in naked purity,


The perfect semblance of its bodily frame;


Instinct with inexpressible beauty and grace -


Each stain of earthliness


Had passed away -it reassumed


Its native dignity and stood


Immortal amid ruin.


Upon the couch the body lay,


Wrapt in the depth of slumber;


Its features were fixed and meaningless,


Yet animal life was there,


And every organ yet performed


Its natural functions; ‘twas a sight


Of wonder to behold the body and the soul.


The self-same lineaments, the same


Marks of identity were there;


Yet, oh, how different! One aspires to Heaven,


Pants for its sempiternal heritage,


And, ever changing, ever rising still,


Wantons in endless being:


The other, for a time the unwilling sport


Of circumstance and passion, struggles on;


Fleets through its sad duration rapidly;


Then like an useless and worn-out machine,


Rots, perishes, and passes.

\subsection{FAIRY}


‘Spirit! who hast dived so deep;


Spirit! who hast soared so high;


Thou the fearless, thou the mild,


Accept the boon thy worth hath earned,


Ascend the car with me!’

\subsection{SPIRIT}


‘Do I dream? Is this new feeling


But a visioned ghost of slumber?


If indeed I am a soul,


A free, a disembodied soul,


Speak again to me.’

\subsection{FAIRY}


‘I am the Fairy Mab: to me ‘tis given


The wonders of the human world to keep;


The secrets of the immeasurable past,


In the unfailing consciences of men,


Those stern, unflattering chroniclers, I find;


The future, from the causes which arise


In each event, I gather; not the sting


Which retributive memory implants


In the hard bosom of the selfish man,


Nor that ecstatic and exulting throb


Which virtue’s votary feels when he sums up


The thoughts and actions of a well-spent day,


Are unforeseen, unregistered by me;


And it is yet permitted me to rend


The veil of mortal frailty, that the spirit,


Clothed in its changeless purity, may know


How soonest to accomplish the great end


For which it hath its being, and may taste


That peace which in the end all life will share.


This is the meed of virtue; happy Soul,


Ascend the car with me!’


The chains of earth’s immurement


Fell from Ianthe’s spirit;


They shrank and brake like bandages of straw


Beneath a wakened giant’s strength.


She knew her glorious change,


And felt in apprehension uncontrolled


New raptures opening round;


Each day-dream of her mortal life,


Each frenzied vision of the slumbers


That closed each well-spent day,


Seemed now to meet reality.


The Fairy and the Soul proceeded;


The silver clouds disparted;


And as the car of magic they ascended,


Again the speechless music swelled,


Again the coursers of the air


Unfurled their azure pennons, and the Queen,


Shaking the beamy reins,


Bade them pursue their way.


The magic car moved on.


The night was fair, and countless stars


Studded heaven’s dark blue vault;


Just o'er the eastern wave


Peeped the first faint smile of morn.


The magic car moved on -


From the celestial hoofs


The atmosphere in flaming sparkles flew,


And where the burning wheels


Eddied above the mountain’s loftiest peak,


Was traced a line of lightning.


Now it flew far above a rock,


The utmost verge of earth,


The rival of the Andes, whose dark brow


Lowered o'er the silver sea.


Far, far below the chariot’s path,


Calm as a slumbering babe,


Tremendous Ocean lay.


The mirror of its stillness showed


The pale and waning stars,


The chariot’s fiery track,


And the gray light of morn


Tinging those fleecy clouds


That canopied the dawn.


Seemed it that the chariot’s way


Lay through the midst of an immense concave


Radiant with million constellations, tinged


With shades of infinite color,


And semicircled with a belt


Flashing incessant meteors.


The magic car moved on.


As they approached their goal,


The coursers seemed to gather speed;


The sea no longer was distinguished; earth


Appeared a vast and shadowy sphere;


The sun’s unclouded orb


Rolled through the black concave;


Its rays of rapid light


Parted around the chariot’s swifter course,


And fell, like ocean’s feathery spray


Dashed from the boiling surge


Before a vessel’s prow.


The magic car moved on.


Earth’s distant orb appeared


The smallest light that twinkles in the heaven;


Whilst round the chariot’s way


Innumerable systems rolled


And countless spheres diffused


An ever-varying glory.


It was a sight of wonder: some


Were hornèd like the crescent moon;


Some shed a mild and silver beam


Like Hesperus o'er the western sea;


Some dashed athwart with trains of flame,


Like worlds to death and ruin driven;


Some shone like suns, and as the chariot passed,


Eclipsed all other light.


Spirit of Nature! here -


In this interminable wilderness


Of worlds, at whose immensity


Even soaring fancy staggers,


Here is thy fitting temple!


Yet not the lightest leaf


That quivers to the passing breeze


Is less instinct with thee;


Yet not the meanest worm


That lurks in graves and fattens on the dead,


Less shares thy eternal breath!


Spirit of Nature! thou,


Imperishable as this scene -


Here is thy fitting temple!

\chapter{II}


If solitude hath ever led thy steps


To the wild ocean’s echoing shore,


And thou hast lingered there,


Until the sun’s broad orb


Seemed resting on the burnished wave,


Thou must have marked the lines


Of purple gold that motionless


Hung o'er the sinking sphere;


Thou must have marked the billowy clouds,


Edged with intolerable radiancy,


Towering like rocks of jet


Crowned with a diamond wreath;


And yet there is a moment,


When the sun’s highest point


Peeps like a star o'er ocean’s western edge,


When those far clouds of feathery gold,


Shaded with deepest purple, gleam


Like islands on a dark blue sea;


Then has thy fancy soared above the earth


And furled its wearied wing


Within the Fairy’s fane.


Yet not the golden islands


Gleaming in yon flood of light,


Nor the feathery curtains


Stretching o'er the sun’s bright couch,


Nor the burnished ocean-waves


Paving that gorgeous dome,


So fair, so wonderful a sight


As Mab’s ethereal palace could afford.


Yet likest evening’s vault, that faëry Hall!


As Heaven, low resting on the wave, it spread


Its floors of flashing light,


Its vast and azure dome,


Its fertile golden islands


Floating on a silver sea;


Whilst suns their mingling beamings darted


Through clouds of circumambient darkness,


And pearly battlements around


Looked o'er the immense of Heaven.


The magic car no longer moved.


The Fairy and the Spirit


Entered the Hall of Spells.


Those golden clouds


That rolled in glittering billows


Beneath the azure canopy,


With the ethereal footsteps trembled not;


The light and crimson mists,


Floating to strains of thrilling melody


Through that unearthly dwelling,


Yielded to every movement of the will;


Upon their passive swell the Spirit leaned,


And, for the varied bliss that pressed around,


Used not the glorious privilege


Of virtue and of wisdom.


‘Spirit!’ the Fairy said,


And pointed to the gorgeous dome,


’this is a wondrous sight


And mocks all human grandeur;


But, were it virtue’s only meed to dwell


In a celestial palace, all resigned


To pleasurable impulses, immured


Within the prison of itself, the will


Of changeless Nature would be unfulfilled.


Learn to make others happy. Spirit, come!


This is thine high reward: -the past shall rise;


Thou shalt behold the present; I will teach


The secrets of the future.’


The Fairy and the Spirit


Approached the overhanging battlement.


Below lay stretched the universe!


There, far as the remotest line


That bounds imagination’s flight,


Countless and unending orbs


In mazy motion intermingled,


Yet still fulfilled immutably


Eternal Nature’s law.


Above, below, around,


The circling systems formed


A wilderness of harmony;


Each with undeviating aim,


In eloquent silence, through the depths of space


Pursued its wondrous way.


There was a little light


That twinkled in the misty distance.


None but a spirit’s eye


Might ken that rolling orb.


None but a spirit’s eye,


And in no other place


But that celestial dwelling, might behold


Each action of this earth’s inhabitants.


But matter, space, and time,


In those aërial mansions cease to act;


And all-prevailing wisdom, when it reaps


The harvest of its excellence, o'erbounds


Those obstacles of which an earthly soul


Fears to attempt the conquest.


The Fairy pointed to the earth.


The Spirit’s intellectual eye


Its kindred beings recognized.


The thronging thousands, to a passing view,


Seemed like an ant-hill’s citizens.


How wonderful! that even


The passions, prejudices, interests,


That sway the meanest being -the weak touch


That moves the finest nerve


And in one human brain


Causes the faintest thought, becomes a link


In the great chain of Nature!


‘Behold,’ the Fairy cried,


'Palmyra’s ruined palaces!


Behold where grandeur frowned!


Behold where pleasure smiled!


What now remains? -the memory


Of senselessness and shame.


What is immortal there?


Nothing -it stands to tell


A melancholy tale, to give


An awful warning; soon


Oblivion will steal silently


The remnant of its fame.


Monarchs and conquerors there


Proud o'er prostrate millions trod -


The earthquakes of the human race;


Like them, forgotten when the ruin


That marks their shock is past.


‘Beside the eternal Nile


The Pyramids have risen.


Nile shall pursue his changeless way;


Those Pyramids shall fall.


Yea! not a stone shall stand to tell


The spot whereon they stood;


Their very site shall be forgotten,


As is their builder’s name!


‘Behold yon sterile spot,


Where now the wandering Arab’s tent


Flaps in the desert blast!


There once old Salem’s haughty fane


Reared high to heaven its thousand golden domes,


And in the blushing face of day


Exposed its shameful glory.


Oh! many a widow, many an orphan cursed


The building of that fane; and many a father,


Worn out with toil and slavery, implored


The poor man’s God to sweep it from the earth


And spare his children the detested task


Of piling stone on stone and poisoning


The choicest days of life


To soothe a dotard’s vanity.


There an inhuman and uncultured race


Howled hideous praises to their Demon-God;


They rushed to war, tore from the mother’s womb


The unborn child -old age and infancy


Promiscuous perished; their victorious arms


Left not a soul to breathe. Oh! they were fiends!


But what was he who taught them that the God


Of Nature and benevolence had given


A special sanction to the trade of blood?


His name and theirs are fading, and the tales


Of this barbarian nation, which imposture


Recites till terror credits, are pursuing


Itself into forgetfulness.


‘Where Athens, Rome, and Sparta stood,


There is a moral desert now.


The mean and miserable huts,


The yet more wretched palaces,


Contrasted with those ancient fanes


Now crumbling to oblivion, -


The long and lonely colonnades


Through which the ghost of Freedom stalks, -


Seem like a well-known tune,


Which in some dear scene we have loved to hear,


Remembered now in sadness.


But, oh! how much more changed,


How gloomier is the contrast


Of human nature there!


Where Socrates expired, a tyrant’s slave,


A coward and a fool, spreads death around -


Then, shuddering, meets his own.


Where Cicero and Antoninus lived,


A cowled and hypocritical monk


Prays, curses and deceives.


‘Spirit! ten thousand years


Have scarcely passed away,


Since in the waste, where now the savage drinks


His enemy’s blood, and, aping Europe’s sons,


Wakes the unholy song of war,


Arose a stately city,


Metropolis of the western continent.


There, now, the mossy column-stone,


Indented by time’s unrelaxing grasp,


Which once appeared to brave


All, save its country’s ruin, -


There the wide forest scene,


Rude in the uncultivated loveliness


Of gardens long run wild, -


Seems, to the unwilling sojourner whose steps


Chance in that desert has delayed,


Thus to have stood since earth was what it is.


Yet once it was the busiest haunt,


Whither, as to a common centre, flocked


Strangers, and ships, and merchandise;


Once peace and freedom blest


The cultivated plain;


But wealth, that curse of man,


Blighted the bud of its prosperity;


Virtue and wisdom, truth and liberty,


Fled, to return not, until man shall know


That they alone can give the bliss


Worthy a soul that claims


Its kindred with eternity.


‘There ‘s not one atom of yon earth


But once was living man;


Nor the minutest drop of rain,


That hangeth in its thinnest cloud,


But flowed in human veins;


And from the burning plains


Where Libyan monsters yell,


From the most gloomy glens


Of Greenland’s sunless clime,


To where the golden fields


Of fertile England spread


Their harvest to the day,


Thou canst not find one spot


Whereon no city stood.


‘How strange is human pride!


I tell thee that those living things,


To whom the fragile blade of grass


That springeth in the morn


And perisheth ere noon,


Is an unbounded world;


I tell thee that those viewless beings,


Whose mansion is the smallest particle


Of the impassive atmosphere,


Think, feel and live like man;


That their affections and antipathies,


Like his, produce the laws


Ruling their moral state;


And the minutest throb


That through their frame diffuses


The slightest, faintest motion,


Is fixed and indispensable


As the majestic laws


That rule yon rolling orbs.’


The Fairy paused. The Spirit,


In ecstasy of admiration, felt


All knowledge of the past revived; the events


Of old and wondrous times,


Which dim tradition interruptedly


Teaches the credulous vulgar, were unfolded


In just perspective to the view;


Yet dim from their infinitude.


The Spirit seemed to stand


High on an isolated pinnacle;


The flood of ages combating below,


The depth of the unbounded universe


Above, and all around


Nature’s unchanging harmony.

\chapter{III}


‘Fairy!’ the Spirit said,


And on the Queen of Spells


Fixed her ethereal eyes,


'I thank thee. Thou hast given


A boon which I will not resign, and taught


A lesson not to be unlearned. I know


The past, and thence I will essay to glean


A warning for the future, so that man


May profit by his errors and derive


Experience from his folly;


For, when the power of imparting joy


Is equal to the will, the human soul


Requires no other heaven.’

\subsection{MAB}


‘Turn thee, surpassing Spirit!


Much yet remains unscanned.


Thou knowest how great is man,


Thou knowest his imbecility;


Yet learn thou what he is;


Yet learn the lofty destiny


Which restless Time prepares


For every living soul.


‘Behold a gorgeous palace that amid


Yon populous city rears its thousand towers


And seems itself a city. Gloomy troops


Of sentinels in stern and silent ranks


Encompass it around; the dweller there


Cannot be free and happy; hearest thou not


The curses of the fatherless, the groans


Of those who have no friend? He passes on -


The King, the wearer of a gilded chain


That binds his soul to abjectness, the fool


Whom courtiers nickname monarch, whilst a slave


Even to the basest appetites -that man


Heeds not the shriek of penury; he smiles


At the deep curses which the destitute


Mutter in secret, and a sullen joy


Pervades his bloodless heart when thousands groan


But for those morsels which his wantonness


Wastes in unjoyous revelry, to save


All that they love from famine; when he hears


The tale of horror, to some ready-made face


Of hypocritical assent he turns,


Smothering the glow of shame, that, spite of him,


Flushes his bloated cheek.


Now to the meal


Of silence, grandeur and excess he drags


His palled unwilling appetite. If gold,


Gleaming around, and numerous viands culled


From every clime could force the loathing sense


To overcome satiety, -if wealth


The spring it draws from poisons not, -or vice,


Unfeeling, stubborn vice, converteth not


Its food to deadliest venom; then that king


Is happy; and the peasant who fulfils


His unforced task, when he returns at even


And by the blazing fagot meets again


Her welcome for whom all his toil is sped,


Tastes not a sweeter meal.


Behold him now


Stretched on the gorgeous couch; his fevered brain


Reels dizzily awhile; but ah! too soon


The slumber of intemperance subsides,


And conscience, that undying serpent, calls


Her venomous brood to their nocturnal task.


Listen! he speaks! oh! mark that frenzied eye -


Oh! mark that deadly visage!’

\subsection{KING}


‘No cessation!


Oh! must this last forever! Awful death,


I wish, yet fear to clasp thee! -Not one moment


Of dreamless sleep! O dear and blessèd Peace,


Why dost thou shroud thy vestal purity


In penury and dungeons? Wherefore lurkest


With danger, death, and solitude; yet shun’st


The palace I have built thee? Sacred Peace!


Oh, visit me but once, -but pitying shed


One drop of balm upon my withered soul!’

\subsection{THE FAIRY}


‘Vain man! that palace is the virtuous heart,


And Peace defileth not her snowy robes


In such a shed as thine. Hark! yet he mutters;


His slumbers are but varied agonies;


They prey like scorpions on the springs of life.


There needeth not the hell that bigots frame


To punish those who err; earth in itself


Contains at once the evil and the cure;


And all-sufficing Nature can chastise


Those who transgress her law; she only knows


How justly to proportion to the fault


The punishment it merits.


Is it strange


That this poor wretch should pride him in his woe?


Take pleasure in his abjectness, and hug


The scorpion that consumes him? Is it strange


That, placed on a conspicuous throne of thorns,


Grasping an iron sceptre, and immured


Within a splendid prison whose stern bounds


Shut him from all that’s good or dear on earth,


His soul asserts not its humanity?


That man’s mild nature rises not in war


Against a king’s employ? No -’tis not strange.


He, like the vulgar, thinks, feels, acts, and lives


Just as his father did; the unconquered powers


Of precedent and custom interpose


Between a king and virtue. Stranger yet,


To those who know not Nature nor deduce


The future from the present, it may seem,


That not one slave, who suffers from the crimes


Of this unnatural being, not one wretch,


Whose children famish and whose nuptial bed


Is earth’s unpitying bosom, rears an arm


To dash him from his throne!


Those gilded flies


That, basking in the sunshine of a court,


Fatten on its corruption! what are they? -


The drones of the community; they feed


On the mechanic’s labor; the starved hind


For them compels the stubborn glebe to yield


Its unshared harvests; and yon squalid form,


Leaner than fleshless misery, that wastes


A sunless life in the unwholesome mine,


Drags out in labor a protracted death


To glut their grandeur; many faint with toil


That few may know the cares and woe of sloth.


Whence, thinkest thou, kings and parasites arose?


Whence that unnatural line of drones who heap


Toil and unvanquishable penury


On those who build their palaces and bring


Their daily bread? -From vice, black loathsome vice;


From rapine, madness, treachery, and wrong;


From all that genders misery, and makes


Of earth this thorny wilderness; from lust,


Revenge, and murder. -And when reason’s voice,


Loud as the voice of Nature, shall have waked


The nations; and mankind perceive that vice


Is discord, war and misery; that virtue


Is peace and happiness and harmony;


When man’s maturer nature shall disdain


The playthings of its childhood; -kingly glare


Will lose its power to dazzle, its authority


Will silently pass by; the gorgeous throne


Shall stand unnoticed in the regal hall,


Fast falling to decay; whilst falsehood’s trade


Shall be as hateful and unprofitable


As that of truth is now.


Where is the fame


Which the vain-glorious mighty of the earth


Seek to eternize? Oh! the faintest sound


From time’s light footfall, the minutest wave


That swells the flood of ages, whelms in nothing


The unsubstantial bubble. Ay! to-day


Stern is the tyrant’s mandate, red the gaze


That flashes desolation, strong the arm


That scatters multitudes. To-morrow comes!


That mandate is a thunder-peal that died


In ages past; that gaze, a transient flash


On which the midnight closed; and on that arm


The worm has made his meal.


The virtuous man,


Who, great in his humility as kings


Are little in their grandeur; he who leads


Invincibly a life of resolute good


And stands amid the silent dungeon-depths


More free and fearless than the trembling judge


Who, clothed in venal power, vainly strove


To bind the impassive spirit; -when he falls,


His mild eye beams benevolence no more;


Withered the hand outstretched but to relieve;


Sunk reason’s simple eloquence that rolled


But to appall the guilty. Yes! the grave


Hath quenched that eye and death’s relentless frost


Withered that arm; but the unfading fame


Which virtue hangs upon its votary’s tomb,


The deathless memory of that man whom kings


Call to their minds and tremble, the remembrance


With which the happy spirit contemplates


Its well-spent pilgrimage on earth,


Shall never pass away.


‘Nature rejects the monarch, not the man;


The subject, not the citizen; for kings


And subjects, mutual foes, forever play


A losing game into each other’s hands,


Whose stakes are vice and misery. The man


Of virtuous soul commands not, nor obeys.


Power, like a desolating pestilence,


Pollutes whate'er it touches; and obedience,


Bane of all genius, virtue, freedom, truth,


Makes slaves of men, and of the human frame


A mechanized automaton.


When Nero


High over flaming Rome with savage joy


Lowered like a fiend, drank with enraptured ear


The shrieks of agonizing death, beheld


The frightful desolation spread, and felt


A new-created sense within his soul


Thrill to the sight and vibrate to the sound, -


Thinkest thou his grandeur had not overcome


The force of human kindness? And when Rome


With one stern blow hurled not the tyrant down,


Crushed not the arm red with her dearest blood,


Had not submissive abjectness destroyed


Nature’s suggestions?


Look on yonder earth:


The golden harvests spring; the unfailing sun


Sheds light and life; the fruits, the flowers, the trees,


Arise in due succession; all things speak


Peace, harmony and love. The universe,


In Nature’s silent eloquence, declares


That all fulfil the works of love and joy, -


All but the outcast, Man. He fabricates


The sword which stabs his peace; he cherisheth


The snakes that gnaw his heart; he raiseth up


The tyrant whose delight is in his woe,


Whose sport is in his agony. Yon sun,


Lights it the great alone? Yon silver beams,


Sleep they less sweetly on the cottage thatch


Than on the dome of kings? Is mother earth


A step-dame to her numerous sons who earn


Her unshared gifts with unremitting toil;


A mother only to those puling babes


Who, nursed in ease and luxury, make men


The playthings of their babyhood and mar


In self-important childishness that peace


Which men alone appreciate?


‘Spirit of Nature, no!


The pure diffusion of thy essence throbs


Alike in every human heart.


Thou aye erectest there


Thy throne of power unappealable;


Thou art the judge beneath whose nod


Man’s brief and frail authority


Is powerless as the wind


That passeth idly by;


Thine the tribunal which surpasseth


The show of human justice


As God surpasses man!


‘Spirit of Nature! thou


Life of interminable multitudes;


Soul of those mighty spheres


Whose changeless paths through Heaven’s deep silence lie;


Soul of that smallest being,


The dwelling of whose life


Is one faint April sun-gleam; -


Man, like these passive things,


Thy will unconsciously fulfilleth;


Like theirs, his age of endless peace,


Which time is fast maturing,


Will swiftly, surely, come;


And the unbounded frame which thou pervadest,


Will be without a flaw


Marring its perfect symmetry!

\chapter{IV}


‘How beautiful this night! the balmiest sigh,


Which vernal zephyrs breathe in evening’s ear,


Were discord to the speaking quietude


That wraps this moveless scene. Heaven’s ebon vault,


Studded with stars unutterably bright,


Through which the moon’s unclouded grandeur rolls,


Seems like a canopy which love had spread


To curtain her sleeping world. Yon gentle hills.


Robed in a garment of untrodden snow;


Yon darksome rocks, whence icicles depend


So stainless that their white and glittering spires


Tinge not the moon’s pure beam; yon castled steep


Whose banner hangeth o'er the time-worn tower


So idly that rapt fancy deemeth it


A metaphor of peace; -all form a scene


Where musing solitude might love to lift


Her soul above this sphere of earthliness;


Where silence undisturbed might watch alone -


So cold, so bright, so still.


The orb of day


In southern climes o'er ocean’s waveless field


Sinks sweetly smiling; not the faintest breath


Steals o'er the unruffled deep; the clouds of eve


Reflect unmoved the lingering beam of day;


And Vesper’s image on the western main


Is beautifully still. To-morrow comes:


Cloud upon cloud, in dark and deepening mass,


Roll o'er the blackened waters; the deep roar


Of distant thunder mutters awfully;


Tempest unfolds its pinion o'er the gloom


That shrouds the boiling surge; the pitiless fiend,


With all his winds and lightnings, tracks his prey;


The torn deep yawns, -the vessel finds a grave


Beneath its jagged gulf.


Ah! whence yon glare


That fires the arch of heaven? that dark red smoke


Blotting the silver moon? The stars are quenched


In darkness, and the pure and spangling snow


Gleams faintly through the gloom that gathers round.


Hark to that roar whose swift and deafening peals


In countless echoes through the mountains ring,


Startling pale Midnight on her starry throne!


Now swells the intermingling din; the jar


Frequent and frightful of the bursting bomb;


The falling beam, the shriek, the groan, the shout,


The ceaseless clangor, and the rush of men


Inebriate with rage: -loud and more loud


The discord grows; till pale Death shuts the scene


And o'er the conqueror and the conquered draws


His cold and bloody shroud. -Of all the men


Whom day’s departing beam saw blooming there


In proud and vigorous health; of all the hearts


That beat with anxious life at sunset there;


How few survive, how few are beating now!


All is deep silence, like the fearful calm


That slumbers in the storm’s portentous pause;


Save when the frantic wail of widowed love


Comes shuddering on the blast, or the faint moan


With which some soul bursts from the frame of clay


Wrapt round its struggling powers.


The gray morn


Dawns on the mournful scene; the sulphurous smoke


Before the icy wind slow rolls away,


And the bright beams of frosty morning dance


Along the spangling snow. There tracks of blood


Even to the forest’s depth, and scattered arms,


And lifeless warriors, whose hard lineaments


Death’s self could change not, mark the dreadful path


Of the outsallying victors; far behind


Black ashes note where their proud city stood.


Within yon forest is a gloomy glen -


Each tree which guards its darkness from the day,


Waves o'er a warrior’s tomb.


I see thee shrink,


Surpassing Spirit! -wert thou human else?


I see a shade of doubt and horror fleet


Across thy stainless features; yet fear not;


This is no unconnected misery,


Nor stands uncaused and irretrievable.


Man’s evil nature, that apology


Which kings who rule, and cowards who crouch, set up


For their unnumbered crimes, sheds not the blood


Which desolates the discord-wasted land.


From kings and priests and statesmen war arose,


Whose safety is man’s deep unbettered woe,


Whose grandeur his debasement. Let the axe


Strike at the root, the poison-tree will fall;


And where its venomed exhalations spread


Ruin, and death, and woe, where millions lay


Quenching the serpent’s famine, and their bones


Bleaching unburied in the putrid blast,


A garden shall arise, in loveliness


Surpassing fabled Eden.


Hath Nature’s soul, -


That formed this world so beautiful, that spread


Earth’s lap with plenty, and life’s smallest chord


Strung to unchanging unison, that gave


The happy birds their dwelling in the grove,


That yielded to the wanderers of the deep


The lovely silence of the unfathomed main,


And filled the meanest worm that crawls in dust


With spirit, thought and love, -on Man alone,


Partial in causeless malice, wantonly


Heaped ruin, vice, and slavery; his soul


Blasted with withering curses; placed afar


The meteor-happiness, that shuns his grasp,


But serving on the frightful gulf to glare


Rent wide beneath his footsteps?


Nature! -no!


Kings, priests and statesmen blast the human flower


Even in its tender bud; their influence darts


Like subtle poison through the bloodless veins


Of desolate society. The child,


Ere he can lisp his mother’s sacred name,


Swells with the unnatural pride of crime, and lifts


His baby-sword even in a hero’s mood.


This infant arm becomes the bloodiest scourge


Of devastated earth; whilst specious names,


Learnt in soft childhood’s unsuspecting hour,


Serve as the sophisms with which manhood dims


Bright reason’s ray and sanctifies the sword


Upraised to shed a brother’s innocent blood.


Let priest-led slaves cease to proclaim that man


Inherits vice and misery, when force


And falsehood hang even o'er the cradled babe,


Stifling with rudest grasp all natural good.


‘Ah! to the stranger-soul, when first it peeps


From its new tenement and looks abroad


For happiness and sympathy, how stern


And desolate a tract is this wide world!


How withered all the buds of natural good!


No shade, no shelter from the sweeping storms


Of pitiless power! On its wretched frame


Poisoned, perchance, by the disease and woe


Heaped on the wretched parent whence it sprung


By morals, law and custom, the pure winds


Of heaven, that renovate the insect tribes,


May breathe not. The untainting light of day


May visit not its longings. It is bound


Ere it has life; yea, all the chains are forged


Long ere its being; all liberty and love


And peace is torn from its defencelessness;


Cursed from its birth, even from its cradle doomed


To abjectness and bondage!


‘Throughout this varied and eternal world


Soul is the only element, the block


That for uncounted ages has remained.


The moveless pillar of a mountain’s weight


Is active living spirit. Every grain


Is sentient both in unity and part,


And the minutest atom comprehends


A world of loves and hatreds; these beget


Evil and good; hence truth and falsehood spring;


Hence will and thought and action, all the germs


Of pain or pleasure, sympathy or hate,


That variegate the eternal universe.


Soul is not more polluted than the beams


Of heaven’s pure orb ere round their rapid lines


The taint of earth-born atmospheres arise.


‘Man is of soul and body, formed for deeds


Of high resolve; on fancy’s boldest wing


To soar unwearied, fearlessly to turn


The keenest pangs to peacefulness, and taste


The joys which mingled sense and spirit yield;


Or he is formed for abjectness and woe,


To grovel on the dunghill of his fears,


To shrink at every sound, to quench the flame


Of natural love in sensualism, to know


That hour as blest when on his worthless days


The frozen hand of death shall set its seal,


Yet fear the cure, though hating the disease.


The one is man that shall hereafter be;


The other, man as vice has made him now.


‘War is the statesman’s game, the priest’s delight,


The lawyer’s jest, the hired assassin’s trade,


And to those royal murderers whose mean thrones


Are bought by crimes of treachery and gore,


The bread they eat, the staff on which they lean.


Guards, garbed in blood-red livery, surround


Their palaces, participate the crimes


That force defends and from a nation’s rage


Secures the crown, which all the curses reach


That famine, frenzy, woe and penury breathe.


These are the hired bravos who defend


The tyrant’s throne -the bullies of his fear;


These are the sinks and channels of worst vice,


The refuse of society, the dregs


Of all that is most vile; their cold hearts blend


Deceit with sternness, ignorance with pride,


All that is mean and villainous with rage


Which hopelessness of good and self-contempt


Alone might kindle; they are decked in wealth,


Honor and power, then are sent abroad


To do their work. The pestilence that stalks


In gloomy triumph through some eastern land


Is less destroying. They cajole with gold


And promises of fame the thoughtless youth


Already crushed with servitude; he knows


His wretchedness too late, and cherishes


Repentance for his ruin, when his doom


Is sealed in gold and blood!


Those too the tyrant serve, who, skilled to snare


The feet of justice in the toils of law,


Stand ready to oppress the weaker still,


And right or wrong will vindicate for gold,


Sneering at public virtue, which beneath


Their pitiless tread lies torn and trampled where


Honor sits smiling at the sale of truth.


‘Then grave and hoary-headed hypocrites,


Without a hope, a passion or a love,


Who through a life of luxury and lies


Have crept by flattery to the seats of power,


Support the system whence their honors flow.


They have three words -well tyrants know their use,


Well pay them for the loan with usury


Torn from a bleeding world! -God, Hell and Heaven:


A vengeful, pitiless, and almighty fiend,


Whose mercy is a nickname for the rage


Of tameless tigers hungering for blood;


Hell, a red gulf of everlasting fire,


Where poisonous and undying worms prolong


Eternal misery to those hapless slaves


Whose life has been a penance for its crimes;


And Heaven, a meed for those who dare belie


Their human nature, quake, believe and cringe


Before the mockeries of earthly power.


‘These tools the tyrant tempers to his work,


Wields in his wrath, and as he wills destroys,


Omnipotent in wickedness; the while


Youth springs, age moulders, manhood tamely does


His bidding, bribed by short-lived joys to lend


Force to the weakness of his trembling arm.


They rise, they fall; one generation comes


Yielding its harvest to destruction’s scythe.


It fades, another blossoms; yet behold!


Red glows the tyrant’s stamp-mark on its bloom,


Withering and cankering deep its passive prime.


He has invented lying words and modes,


Empty and vain as his own coreless heart;


Evasive meanings, nothings of much sound,


To lure the heedless victim to the toils


Spread round the valley of its paradise.


‘Look to thyself, priest, conqueror or prince!


Whether thy trade is falsehood, and thy lusts


Deep wallow in the earnings of the poor,


With whom thy master was; or thou delight’st


In numbering o'er the myriads of thy slain,


All misery weighing nothing in the scale


Against thy short-lived fame; or thou dost load


With cowardice and crime the groaning land,


A pomp-fed king. Look to thy wretched self!


Ay, art thou not the veriest slave that e'er


Crawled on the loathing earth? Are not thy days


Days of unsatisfying listlessness?


Dost thou not cry, ere night’s long rack is o'er,


"When will the morning come?” Is not thy youth


A vain and feverish dream of sensualism?


Thy manhood blighted with unripe disease?


Are not thy views of unregretted death


Drear, comfortless and horrible? Thy mind,


Is it not morbid as thy nerveless frame,


Incapable of judgment, hope or love?


And dost thou wish the errors to survive,


That bar thee from all sympathies of good,


After the miserable interest


Thou hold’st in their protraction? When the grave


Has swallowed up thy memory and thyself,


Dost thou desire the bane that poisons earth


To twine its roots around thy coffined clay,


Spring from thy bones, and blossom on thy tomb,


That of its fruit thy babes may eat and die?

\chapter{V}


‘Thus do the generations of the earth


Go to the grave and issue from the womb,


Surviving still the imperishable change


That renovates the world; even as the leaves


Which the keen frost-wind of the waning year


Has scattered on the forest-soil and heaped


For many seasons there -though long they choke,


Loading with loathsome rottenness the land,


All germs of promise, yet when the tall trees


From which they fell, shorn of their lovely shapes,


Lie level with the earth to moulder there,


They fertilize the land they long deformed;


Till from the breathing lawn a forest springs


Of youth, integrity and loveliness,


Like that which gave it life, to spring and die.


Thus suicidal selfishness, that blights


The fairest feelings of the opening heart,


Is destined to decay, whilst from the soil


Shall spring all virtue, all delight, all love,


And judgment cease to wage unnatural war


With passion’s unsubduable array.


Twin-sister of Religion, Selfishness!


Rival in crime and falsehood, aping all


The wanton horrors of her bloody play;


Yet frozen, unimpassioned, spiritless,


Shunning the light, and owning not its name,


Compelled by its deformity to screen


With flimsy veil of justice and of right


Its unattractive lineaments that scare


All save the brood of ignorance; at once


The cause and the effect of tyranny;


Unblushing, hardened, sensual and vile;


Dead to all love but of its abjectness;


With heart impassive by more noble powers


Than unshared pleasure, sordid gain, or fame;


Despising its own miserable being,


Which still it longs, yet fears, to disenthrall.


‘Hence commerce springs, the venal interchange


Of all that human art or Nature yield;


Which wealth should purchase not, but want demand,


And natural kindness hasten to supply


From the full fountain of its boundless love,


Forever stifled, drained and tainted now.


Commerce! beneath whose poison-breathing shade


No solitary virtue dares to spring,


But poverty and wealth with equal hand


Scatter their withering curses, and unfold


The doors of premature and violent death


To pining famine and full-fed disease,


To all that shares the lot of human life,


Which, poisoned body and soul, scarce drags the chain


That lengthens as it goes and clanks behind.


‘Commerce has set the mark of selfishness,


The signet of its all-enslaving power,


Upon a shining ore, and called it gold;


Before whose image bow the vulgar great,


The vainly rich, the miserable proud,


The mob of peasants, nobles, priests and kings,


And with blind feelings reverence the power


That grinds them to the dust of misery.


But in the temple of their hireling hearts


Gold is a living god and rules in scorn


All earthly things but virtue.


‘Since tyrants by the sale of human life


Heap luxuries to their sensualism, and fame


To their wide-wasting and insatiate pride,


Success has sanctioned to a credulous world


The ruin, the disgrace, the woe of war.


His hosts of blind and unresisting dupes


The despot numbers; from his cabinet


These puppets of his schemes he moves at will,


Even as the slaves by force or famine driven,


Beneath a vulgar master, to perform


A task of cold and brutal drudgery; -


Hardened to hope, insensible to fear,


Scarce living pulleys of a dead machine,


Mere wheels of work and articles of trade,


That grace the proud and noisy pomp of wealth!


‘The harmony and happiness of man


Yields to the wealth of nations; that which lifts


His nature to the heaven of its pride,


Is bartered for the poison of his soul;


The weight that drags to earth his towering hopes,


Blighting all prospect but of selfish gain,


Withering all passion but of slavish fear,


Extinguishing all free and generous love


Of enterprise and daring, even the pulse


That fancy kindles in the beating heart


To mingle with sensation, it destroys, -


Leaves nothing but the sordid lust of self,


The grovelling hope of interest and gold,


Unqualified, unmingled, unredeemed


Even by hypocrisy.


And statesmen boast


Of wealth! The wordy eloquence that lives


After the ruin of their hearts, can gild


The bitter poison of a nation’s woe;


Can turn the worship of the servile mob


To their corrupt and glaring idol, fame,


From virtue, trampled by its iron tread, -


Although its dazzling pedestal be raised


Amid the horrors of a limb-strewn field,


With desolated dwellings smoking round.


The man of ease, who, by his warm fireside,


To deeds of charitable intercourse


And bare fulfilment of the common laws


Of decency and prejudice confines


The struggling nature of his human heart,


Is duped by their cold sophistry; he sheds


A passing tear perchance upon the wreck


Of earthly peace, when near his dwelling’s door


The frightful waves are driven, -when his son


Is murdered by the tyrant, or religion


Drives his wife raving mad. But the poor man


Whose life is misery, and fear and care;


Whom the morn wakens but to fruitless toil;


Who ever hears his famished offspring’s scream;


Whom their pale mother’s uncomplaining gaze


Forever meets, and the proud rich man’s eye


Flashing command, and the heart-breaking scene


Of thousands like himself; -he little heeds


The rhetoric of tyranny; his hate


Is quenchless as his wrongs; he laughs to scorn


The vain and bitter mockery of words,


Feeling the horror of the tyrant’s deeds,


And unrestrained but by the arm of power,


That knows and dreads his enmity.


‘The iron rod of penury still compels


Her wretched slave to bow the knee to wealth,


And poison, with unprofitable toil,


A life too void of solace to confirm


The very chains that bind him to his doom.


Nature, impartial in munificence,


Has gifted man with all-subduing will.


Matter, with all its transitory shapes,


Lies subjected and plastic at his feet,


That, weak from bondage, tremble as they tread.


How many a rustic Milton has passed by,


Stifling the speechless longings of his heart,


In unremitting drudgery and care!


How many a vulgar Cato has compelled


His energies, no longer tameless then,


To mould a pin or fabricate a nail!


How many a Newton, to whose passive ken


Those mighty spheres that gem infinity


Were only specks of tinsel fixed in heaven


To light the midnights of his native town!


‘Yet every heart contains perfection’s germ.


The wisest of the sages of the earth,


That ever from the stores of reason drew


Science and truth, and virtue’s dreadless tone,


Were but a weak and inexperienced boy,


Proud, sensual, unimpassioned, unimbued


With pure desire and universal love,


Compared to that high being, of cloudless brain,


Untainted passion, elevated will,


Which death (who even would linger long in awe


Within his noble presence and beneath


His changeless eye-beam) might alone subdue.


Him, every slave now dragging through the filth


Of some corrupted city his sad life,


Pining with famine, swoln with luxury,


Blunting the keenness of his spiritual sense


With narrow schemings and unworthy cares,


Or madly rushing through all violent crime


To move the deep stagnation of his soul, -


Might imitate and equal.


But mean lust


Has bound its chains so tight about the earth


That all within it but the virtuous man


Is venal; gold or fame will surely reach


The price prefixed by Selfishness to all


But him of resolute and unchanging will;


Whom nor the plaudits of a servile crowd,


Nor the vile joys of tainting luxury,


Can bribe to yield his elevated soul


To Tyranny or Falsehood, though they wield


With blood-red hand the sceptre of the world.


‘All things are sold: the very light of heaven


Is venal; earth’s unsparing gifts of love,


The smallest and most despicable things


That lurk in the abysses of the deep,


All objects of our life, even life itself,


And the poor pittance which the laws allow


Of liberty, the fellowship of man,


Those duties which his heart of human love


Should urge him to perform instinctively,


Are bought and sold as in a public mart


Of undisguising Selfishness, that sets


On each its price, the stamp-mark of her reign.


Even love is sold; the solace of all woe


Is turned to deadliest agony, old age


Shivers in selfish beauty’s loathing arms,


And youth’s corrupted impulses prepare


A life of horror from the blighting bane


Of commerce; whilst the pestilence that springs


From unenjoying sensualism, has filled


All human life with hydra-headed woes.


‘Falsehood demands but gold to pay the pangs


Of outraged conscience; for the slavish priest


Sets no great value on his hireling faith;


A little passing pomp, some servile souls,


Whom cowardice itself might safely chain


Or the spare mite of avarice could bribe


To deck the triumph of their languid zeal,


Can make him minister to tyranny.


More daring crime requires a loftier meed.


Without a shudder the slave-soldier lends


His arm to murderous deeds, and steels his heart,


When the dread eloquence of dying men,


Low mingling on the lonely field of fame,


Assails that nature whose applause he sells


For the gross blessings of the patriot mob,


For the vile gratitude of heartless kings,


And for a cold world’s good word, -viler still!


‘There is a nobler glory which survives


Until our being fades, and, solacing


All human care, accompanies its change;


Deserts not virtue in the dungeon’s gloom,


And in the precincts of the palace guides


Its footsteps through that labyrinth of crime;


Imbues his lineaments with dauntlessness,


Even when from power’s avenging hand he takes


Its sweetest, last and noblest title -death;


-The consciousness of good, which neither gold,


Nor sordid fame, nor hope of heavenly bliss,


Can purchase; but a life of resolute good,


Unalterable will, quenchless desire


Of universal happiness, the heart


That beats with it in unison, the brain


Whose ever-wakeful wisdom toils to change


Reason’s rich stores for its eternal weal.


‘This commerce of sincerest virtue needs


No meditative signs of selfishness,


No jealous intercourse of wretched gain,


No balancings of prudence, cold and long;


In just and equal measure all is weighed,


One scale contains the sum of human weal,


And one, the good man’s heart.


How vainly seek


The selfish for that happiness denied


To aught but virtue! Blind and hardened, they,


Who hope for peace amid the storms of care,


Who covet power they know not how to use,


And sigh for pleasure they refuse to give, -


Madly they frustrate still their own designs;


And, where they hope that quiet to enjoy


Which virtue pictures, bitterness of soul,


Pining regrets, and vain repentances,


Disease, disgust and lassitude pervade


Their valueless and miserable lives.


‘But hoary-headed selfishness has felt


Its death-blow and is tottering to the grave;


A brighter morn awaits the human day,


When every transfer of earth’s natural gifts


Shall be a commerce of good words and works;


When poverty and wealth, the thirst of fame,


The fear of infamy, disease and woe,


War with its million horrors, and fierce hell,


Shall live but in the memory of time,


Who, like a penitent libertine, shall start,


Look back, and shudder at his younger years.’

\chapter{VI}


All touch, all eye, all ear,


The Spirit felt the Fairy’s burning speech.


O'er the thin texture of its frame


The varying periods painted changing glows,


As on a summer even,


When soul-enfolding music floats around,


The stainless mirror of the lake


Re-images the eastern gloom,


Mingling convulsively its purple hues


With sunset’s burnished gold.


Then thus the Spirit spoke:


'It is a wild and miserable world!


Thorny, and full of care,


Which every fiend can make his prey at will!


O Fairy! in the lapse of years,


Is there no hope in store?


Will yon vast suns roll on


Interminably, still illuming


The night of so many wretched souls,


And see no hope for them?


Will not the universal Spirit e'er


Revivify this withered limb of Heaven?’


The Fairy calmly smiled


In comfort, and a kindling gleam of hope


Suffused the Spirit’s lineaments.


'Oh! rest thee tranquil; chase those fearful doubts


Which ne'er could rack an everlasting soul


That sees the chains which bind it to its doom.


Yes! crime and misery are in yonder earth,


Falsehood, mistake and lust;


But the eternal world


Contains at once the evil and the cure.


Some eminent in virtue shall start up,


Even in perversest time;


The truths of their pure lips, that never die,


Shall bind the scorpion falsehood with a wreath


Of ever-living flame,


Until the monster sting itself to death.


‘How sweet a scene will earth become!


Of purest spirits a pure dwelling-place,


Symphonious with the planetary spheres;


When man, with changeless Nature coalescing,


Will undertake regeneration’s work,


When its ungenial poles no longer point


To the red and baleful sun


That faintly twinkles there!


‘Spirit, on yonder earth,


Falsehood now triumphs; deadly power


Has fixed its seal upon the lip of truth!


Madness and misery are there!


The happiest is most wretched! Yet confide


Until pure health-drops from the cup of joy


Fall like a dew of balm upon the world.


Now, to the scene I show, in silence turn,


And read the blood-stained charter of all woe,


Which Nature soon with recreating hand


Will blot in mercy from the book of earth.


How bold the flight of passion’s wandering wing,


How swift the step of reason’s firmer tread,


How calm and sweet the victories of life,


How terrorless the triumph of the grave!


How powerless were the mightiest monarch’s arm,


Vain his loud threat, and impotent his frown!


How ludicrous the priest’s dogmatic roar!


The weight of his exterminating curse


How light! and his affected charity,


To suit the pressure of the changing times,


What palpable deceit! -but for thy aid,


Religion! but for thee, prolific fiend,


Who peoplest earth with demons, hell with men,


And heaven with slaves!


‘Thou taintest all thou lookest upon! -the stars,


Which on thy cradle beamed so brightly sweet,


Were gods to the distempered playfulness


Of thy untutored infancy; the trees,


The grass, the clouds, the mountains and the sea,


All living things that walk, swim, creep or fly,


Were gods; the sun had homage, and the moon


Her worshipper. Then thou becamest, a boy,


More daring in thy frenzies; every shape,


Monstrous or vast, or beautifully wild,


Which from sensation’s relics fancy culls;


The spirits of the air, the shuddering ghost,


The genii of the elements, the powers


That give a shape to Nature’s varied works,


Had life and place in the corrupt belief


Of thy blind heart; yet still thy youthful hands


Were pure of human blood. Then manhood gave


Its strength and ardor to thy frenzied brain;


Thine eager gaze scanned the stupendous scene,


Whose wonders mocked the knowledge of thy pride;


Their everlasting and unchanging laws


Reproached thine ignorance. Awhile thou stood’st


Baffled and gloomy; then thou didst sum up


The elements of all that thou didst know;


The changing seasons, winter’s leafless reign,


The budding of the heaven-breathing trees,


The eternal orbs that beautify the night,


The sunrise, and the setting of the moon,


Earthquakes and wars, and poisons and disease,


And all their causes, to an abstract point


Converging thou didst bend, and called it God!


The self-sufficing, the omnipotent,


The merciful, and the avenging God!


Who, prototype of human misrule, sits


High in heaven’s realm, upon a golden throne,


Even like an earthly king; and whose dread work,


Hell, gapes forever for the unhappy slaves


Of fate, whom he created in his sport


To triumph in their torments when they fell!


Earth heard the name; earth trembled as the smoke


Of his revenge ascended up to heaven,


Blotting the constellations; and the cries


Of millions butchered in sweet confidence


And unsuspecting peace, even when the bonds


Of safety were confirmed by wordy oaths


Sworn in his dreadful name, rung through the land;


Whilst innocent babes writhed on thy stubborn spear,


And thou didst laugh to hear the mother’s shriek


Of maniac gladness, as the sacred steel


Felt cold in her torn entrails!


‘Religion! thou wert then in manhood’s prime;


But age crept on; one God would not suffice


For senile puerility; thou framedst


A tale to suit thy dotage and to glut


Thy misery-thirsting soul, that the mad fiend


Thy wickedness had pictured might afford


A plea for sating the unnatural thirst


For murder, rapine, violence and crime,


That still consumed thy being, even when


Thou heard’st the step of fate; that flames might light


Thy funeral scene; and the shrill horrent shrieks


Of parents dying on the pile that burned


To light their children to thy paths, the roar


Of the encircling flames, the exulting cries


Of thine apostles loud commingling there,


Might sate thine hungry ear


Even on the bed of death!


‘But now contempt is mocking thy gray hairs;


Thou art descending to the darksome grave,


Unhonored and unpitied but by those


Whose pride is passing by like thine, and sheds,


Like thine, a glare that fades before the sun


Of truth, and shines but in the dreadful night


That long has lowered above the ruined world.


‘Throughout these infinite orbs of mingling light


Of which yon earth is one, is wide diffused


A Spirit of activity and life,


That knows no term, cessation or decay;


That fades not when the lamp of earthly life,


Extinguished in the dampness of the grave,


Awhile there slumbers, more than when the babe


In the dim newness of its being feels


The impulses of sublunary things,


And all is wonder to unpractised sense;


But, active, steadfast and eternal, still


Guides the fierce whirlwind, in the tempest roars,


Cheers in the day, breathes in the balmy groves,


Strengthens in health, and poisons in disease;


And in the storm of change, that ceaselessly


Rolls round the eternal universe and shakes


Its undecaying battlement, presides,


Apportioning with irresistible law


The place each spring of its machine shall fill;


So that, when waves on waves tumultuous heap


Confusion to the clouds, and fiercely driven


Heaven’s lightnings scorch the uprooted ocean-fords -


Whilst, to the eye of shipwrecked mariner,


Lone sitting on the bare and shuddering rock,


All seems unlinked contingency and chance –


No atom of this turbulence fulfils


A vague and unnecessitated task


Or acts but as it must and ought to act.


Even the minutest molecule of light,


That in an April sunbeam’s fleeting glow


Fulfils its destined though invisible work,


The universal Spirit guides; nor less


When merciless ambition, or mad zeal,


Has led two hosts of dupes to battle-field,


That, blind, they there may dig each other’s graves


And call the sad work glory, does it rule


All passions; not a thought, a will, an act,


No working of the tyrant’s moody mind,


Nor one misgiving of the slaves who boast


Their servitude to hide the shame they feel,


Nor the events enchaining every will,


That from the depths of unrecorded time


Have drawn all-influencing virtue, pass


Unrecognized or unforeseen by thee,


Soul of the Universe! eternal spring


Of life and death, of happiness and woe,


Of all that chequers the phantasmal scene


That floats before our eyes in wavering light,


Which gleams but on the darkness of our prison


Whose chains and massy walls


We feel but cannot see.


‘Spirit of Nature! all-sufficing Power,


Necessity! thou mother of the world!


Unlike the God of human error, thou


Requirest no prayers or praises; the caprice


Of man’s weak will belongs no more to thee


Than do the changeful passions of his breast


To thy unvarying harmony; the slave,


Whose horrible lusts spread misery o'er the world,


And the good man, who lifts with virtuous pride


His being in the sight of happiness


That springs from his own works; the poison-tree,


Beneath whose shade all life is withered up,


And the fair oak, whose leafy dome affords


A temple where the vows of happy love


Are registered, are equal in thy sight;


No love, no hate thou cherishest; revenge


And favoritism, and worst desire of fame


Thou knowest not; all that the wide world contains


Are but thy passive instruments, and thou


Regard’st them all with an impartial eye,


Whose joy or pain thy nature cannot feel,


Because thou hast not human sense,


Because thou art not human mind.


‘Yes! when the sweeping storm of time


Has sung its death-dirge o'er the ruined fanes


And broken altars of the almighty fiend,


Whose name usurps thy honors, and the blood


Through centuries clotted there has floated down


The tainted flood of ages, shalt thou live


Unchangeable! A shrine is raised to thee,


Which nor the tempest breath of time,


Nor the interminable flood


Over earth’s slight pageant rolling,


Availeth to destroy, –


The sensitive extension of the world;


That wondrous and eternal fane,


Where pain and pleasure, good and evil join,


To do the will of strong necessity,


And life, in multitudinous shapes,


Still pressing forward where no term can be,


Like hungry and unresting flame


Curls round the eternal columns of its strength.’

\chapter{VII}

\subsection{SPIRIT}


‘I was an infant when my mother went


To see an atheist burned. She took me there.


The dark-robed priests were met around the pile;


The multitude was gazing silently;


And as the culprit passed with dauntless mien,


Tempered disdain in his unaltering eye,


Mixed with a quiet smile, shone calmly forth;


The thirsty fire crept round his manly limbs;


His resolute eyes were scorched to blindness soon;


His death-pang rent my heart! the insensate mob


Uttered a cry of triumph, and I wept.


"Weep not, child!” cried my mother, “for that man


Has said, There is no God."’

\subsection{FAIRY}


‘There is no God!


Nature confirms the faith his death-groan sealed.


Let heaven and earth, let man’s revolving race,


His ceaseless generations, tell their tale;


Let every part depending on the chain


That links it to the whole, point to the hand


That grasps its term! Let every seed that falls


In silent eloquence unfold its store


Of argument; infinity within,


Infinity without, belie creation;


The exterminable spirit it contains


Is Nature’s only God; but human pride


Is skilful to invent most serious names


To hide its ignorance.


’the name of God


Has fenced about all crime with holiness,


Himself the creature of his worshippers,


Whose names and attributes and passions change,


Seeva, Buddh, Foh, Jehovah, God, or Lord,


Even with the human dupes who build his shrines,


Still serving o'er the war-polluted world


For desolation’s watchword; whether hosts


Stain his death-blushing chariot-wheels, as on


Triumphantly they roll, whilst Brahmins raise


A sacred hymn to mingle with the groans;


Or countless partners of his power divide


His tyranny to weakness; or the smoke


Of burning towns, the cries of female helplessness,


Unarmed old age, and youth, and infancy,


Horribly massacred, ascend to heaven


In honor of his name; or, last and worst,


Earth groans beneath religion’s iron age,


And priests dare babble of a God of peace,


Even whilst their hands are red with guiltless blood,


Murdering the while, uprooting every germ


Of truth, exterminating, spoiling all,


Making the earth a slaughter-house!


‘O Spirit! through the sense


By which thy inner nature was apprised


Of outward shows, vague dreams have rolled,


And varied reminiscences have waked


Tablets that never fade;


All things have been imprinted there,


The stars, the sea, the earth, the sky,


Even the unshapeliest lineaments


Of wild and fleeting visions


Have left a record there


To testify of earth.


‘These are my empire, for to me is given


The wonders of the human world to keep,


And fancy’s thin creations to endow


With manner, being and reality;


Therefore a wondrous phantom from the dreams


Of human error’s dense and purblind faith


I will evoke, to meet thy questioning.


Ahasuerus, rise!’


A strange and woe-worn wight


Arose beside the battlement,


And stood unmoving there.


His inessential figure cast no shade


Upon the golden floor;


His port and mien bore mark of many years,


And chronicles of untold ancientness


Were legible within his beamless eye;


Yet his cheek bore the mark of youth;


Freshness and vigor knit his manly frame;


The wisdom of old age was mingled there


With youth’s primeval dauntlessness;


And inexpressible woe,


Chastened by fearless resignation, gave


An awful grace to his all-speaking brow.

\subsection{SPIRIT}


‘Is there a God?’

\subsection{AHASUERUS}


‘Is there a God! -ay, an almighty God,


And vengeful as almighty! Once his voice


Was heard on earth; earth shuddered at the sound;


The fiery-visaged firmament expressed


Abhorrence, and the grave of Nature yawned


To swallow all the dauntless and the good


That dared to hurl defiance at his throne,


Girt as it was with power. None but slaves


Survived, -cold-blooded slaves, who did the work


Of tyrannous omnipotence; whose souls


No honest indignation ever urged


To elevated daring, to one deed


Which gross and sensual self did not pollute.


These slaves built temples for the omnipotent fiend,


Gorgeous and vast; the costly altars smoked


With human blood, and hideous pæans rung


Through all the long-drawn aisles. A murderer heard


His voice in Egypt, one whose gifts and arts


Had raised him to his eminence in power,


Accomplice of omnipotence in crime


And confidant of the all-knowing one.


These were Jehovah’s words.


‘"From an eternity of idleness


I, God, awoke; in seven days’ toil made earth


From nothing; rested, and created man;


I placed him in a paradise, and there


Planted the tree of evil, so that he


Might eat and perish, and my soul procure


Wherewith to sate its malice and to turn,


Even like a heartless conqueror of the earth,


All misery to my fame. The race of men,


Chosen to my honor, with impunity


May sate the lusts I planted in their heart.


Here I command thee hence to lead them on,


Until with hardened feet their conquering troops


Wade on the promised soil through woman’s blood,


And make my name be dreaded through the land.


Yet ever-burning flame and ceaseless woe


Shall be the doom of their eternal souls,


With every soul on this ungrateful earth,


Virtuous or vicious, weak or strong, -even all


Shall perish, to fulfil the blind revenge


(Which you, to men, call justice) of their God.”


‘The murderer’s brow


Quivered with horror.


‘"God omnipotent,


Is there no mercy? must our punishment


Be endless? will long ages roll away,


And see no term? Oh! wherefore hast thou made


In mockery and wrath this evil earth?


Mercy becomes the powerful -be but just!


O God! repent and save!”


‘"One way remains:


I will beget a son and he shall bear


The sins of all the world; he shall arise


In an unnoticed corner of the earth,


And there shall die upon a cross, and purge


The universal crime; so that the few


On whom my grace descends, those who are marked


As vessels to the honor of their God,


May credit this strange sacrifice and save


Their souls alive. Millions shall live and die,


Who ne'er shall call upon their Saviour’s name,


But, unredeemed, go to the gaping grave,


Thousands shall deem it an old woman’s tale,


Such as the nurses frighten babes withal;


These in a gulf of anguish and of flame


Shall curse their reprobation endlessly,


Yet tenfold pangs shall force them to avow,


Even on their beds of torment where they howl,


My honor and the justice of their doom.


What then avail their virtuous deeds, their thoughts


Of purity, with radiant genius bright


Or lit with human reason’s earthly ray?


Many are called, but few will I elect.


Do thou my bidding, Moses!”


‘Even the murderer’s cheek


Was blanched with horror, and his quivering lips


Scarce faintly uttered -"O almighty one,


I tremble and obey!”


‘O Spirit! centuries have set their seal


On this heart of many wounds, and loaded brain,


Since the Incarnate came; humbly he came,


Veiling his horrible Godhead in the shape


Of man, scorned by the world, his name unheard


Save by the rabble of his native town,


Even as a parish demagogue. He led


The crowd; he taught them justice, truth and peace,


In semblance; but he lit within their souls


The quenchless flames of zeal, and blessed the sword


He brought on earth to satiate with the blood


Of truth and freedom his malignant soul


At length his mortal frame was led to death.


I stood beside him; on the torturing cross


No pain assailed his unterrestrial sense;


And yet he groaned. Indignantly I summed


The massacres and miseries which his name


Had sanctioned in my country, and I cried,


"Go! go!” in mockery.


A smile of godlike malice reillumined


His fading lineaments. “I go,” he cried,


"But thou shalt wander o'er the unquiet earth


Eternally.” The dampness of the grave


Bathed my imperishable front. I fell,


And long lay tranced upon the charmèd soil.


When I awoke hell burned within my brain


Which staggered on its seat; for all around


The mouldering relics of my kindred lay,


Even as the Almighty’s ire arrested them,


And in their various attitudes of death


My murdered children’s mute and eyeless skulls


Glared ghastily upon me.


But my soul,


From sight and sense of the polluting woe


Of tyranny, had long learned to prefer


Hell’s freedom to the servitude of heaven.


Therefore I rose, and dauntlessly began


My lonely and unending pilgrimage,


Resolved to wage unweariable war


With my almighty tyrant and to hurl


Defiance at his impotence to harm


Beyond the curse I bore. The very hand,


That barred my passage to the peaceful grave,


Has crushed the earth to misery, and given


Its empire to the chosen of his slaves.


These I have seen, even from the earliest dawn


Of weak, unstable and precarious power,


Then preaching peace, as now they practise war;


So, when they turned but from the massacre


Of unoffending infidels to quench


Their thirst for ruin in the very blood


That flowed in their own veins, and pitiless zeal


Froze every human feeling as the wife


Sheathed in her husband’s heart the sacred steel,


Even whilst its hopes were dreaming of her love;


And friends to friends, brothers to brothers stood


Opposed in bloodiest battle-field, and war,


Scarce satiable by fate’s last death-draught, waged,


Drunk from the wine-press of the Almighty’s wrath;


Whilst the red cross, in mockery of peace,


Pointed to victory! When the fray was done,


No remnant of the exterminated faith


Survived to tell its ruin, but the flesh,


With putrid smoke poisoning the atmosphere,


That rotted on the half-extinguished pile.


‘Yes! I have seen God’s worshippers unsheathe


The sword of his revenge, when grace descended,


Confirming all unnatural impulses,


To sanctify their desolating deeds;


And frantic priests waved the ill-omened cross


O'er the unhappy earth; then shone the sun


On showers of gore from the upflashing steel


Of safe assassination, and all crime


Made stingless by the spirits of the Lord,


And blood-red rainbows canopied the land.


‘Spirit! no year of my eventful being


Has passed unstained by crime and misery,


Which flows from God’s own faith. I ‘ve marked his slaves


With tongues, whose lies are venomous, beguile


The insensate mob, and, whilst one hand was red


With murder, feign to stretch the other out


For brotherhood and peace; and that they now


Babble of love and mercy, whilst their deeds


Are marked with all the narrowness and crime


That freedom’s young arm dare not yet chastise,


Reason may claim our gratitude, who now,


Establishing the imperishable throne


Of truth and stubborn virtue, maketh vain


The unprevailing malice of my foe,


Whose bootless rage heaps torments for the brave,


Adds impotent eternities to pain,


Whilst keenest disappointment racks his breast


To see the smiles of peace around them play,


To frustrate or to sanctify their doom.


‘Thus have I stood, -through a wild waste of years


Struggling with whirlwinds of mad agony,


Yet peaceful, and serene, and self-enshrined,


Mocking my powerless tyrant’s horrible curse


With stubborn and unalterable will,


Even as a giant oak, which heaven’s fierce flame


Had scathèd in the wilderness, to stand


A monument of fadeless ruin there;


Yet peacefully and movelessly it braves


The midnight conflict of the wintry storm,


As in the sunlight’s calm it spreads


Its worn and withered arms on high


To meet the quiet of a summer’s noon.’


The Fairy waved her wand;


Ahasuerus fled


Fast as the shapes of mingled shade and mist,


That lurk in the glens of a twilight grove,


Flee from the morning beam; -


The matter of which dreams are made


Not more endowed with actual life


Than this phantasmal portraiture


Of wandering human thought.

\chapter{VIII}

\subsection{THE FAIRY}


‘The present and the past thou hast beheld.


It was a desolate sight. Now, Spirit, learn,


The secrets of the future. -Time!


Unfold the brooding pinion of thy gloom,


Render thou up thy half-devoured babes,


And from the cradles of eternity,


Where millions lie lulled to their portioned sleep


By the deep murmuring stream of passing things,


Tear thou that gloomy shroud. -Spirit, behold


Thy glorious destiny!’


Joy to the Spirit came.


Through the wide rent in Time’s eternal veil,


Hope was seen beaming through the mists of fear;


Earth was no longer hell;


Love, freedom, health had given


Their ripeness to the manhood of its prime,


And all its pulses beat


Symphonious to the planetary spheres;


Then dulcet music swelled


Concordant with the life-strings of the soul;


It throbbed in sweet and languid beatings there,


Catching new life from transitory death;


Like the vague sighings of a wind at even


That wakes the wavelets of the slumbering sea


And dies on the creation of its breath,


And sinks and rises, falls and swells by fits,


Was the pure stream of feeling


That sprung from these sweet notes,


And o'er the Spirit’s human sympathies


With mild and gentle motion calmly flowed.


Joy to the Spirit came, -


Such joy as when a lover sees


The chosen of his soul in happiness


And witnesses her peace


Whose woe to him were bitterer than death;


Sees her unfaded cheek


Glow mantling in first luxury of health,


Thrills with her lovely eyes,


Which like two stars amid the heaving main


Sparkle through liquid bliss.


Then in her triumph spoke the Fairy Queen:


'I will not call the ghost of ages gone


To unfold the frightful secrets of its lore;


The present now is past,


And those events that desolate the earth


Have faded from the memory of Time,


Who dares not give reality to that


Whose being I annul. To me is given


The wonders of the human world to keep,


Space, matter, time and mind. Futurity


Exposes now its treasure; let the sight


Renew and strengthen all thy failing hope.


O human Spirit! spur thee to the goal


Where virtue fixes universal peace,


And, ‘midst the ebb and flow of human things,


Show somewhat stable, somewhat certain still,


A light-house o'er the wild of dreary waves.


‘The habitable earth is full of bliss;


Those wastes of frozen billows that were hurled


By everlasting snow-storms round the poles,


Where matter dared not vegetate or live,


But ceaseless frost round the vast solitude


Bound its broad zone of stillness, are unloosed;


And fragrant zephyrs there from spicy isles


Ruffle the placid ocean-deep, that rolls


Its broad, bright surges to the sloping sand,


Whose roar is wakened into echoings sweet


To murmur through the heaven-breathing groves


And melodize with man’s blest nature there.


‘Those deserts of immeasurable sand,


Whose age-collected fervors scarce allowed


A bird to live, a blade of grass to spring,


Where the shrill chirp of the green lizard’s love


Broke on the sultry silentness alone,


Now teem with countless rills and shady woods,


Cornfields and pastures and white cottages;


And where the startled wilderness beheld


A savage conqueror stained in kindred blood,


A tigress sating with the flesh of lambs


The unnatural famine of her toothless cubs,


Whilst shouts and howlings through the desert rang, -


Sloping and smooth the daisy-spangled lawn,


Offering sweet incense to the sunrise, smiles


To see a babe before his mother’s door,


Sharing his morning’s meal


With the green and golden basilisk


That comes to lick his feet.


‘Those trackless deeps, where many a weary sail


Has seen above the illimitable plain


Morning on night and night on morning rise,


Whilst still no land to greet the wanderer spread


Its shadowy mountains on the sun-bright sea,


Where the loud roarings of the tempest-waves


So long have mingled with the gusty wind


In melancholy loneliness, and swept


The desert of those ocean solitudes


But vocal to the sea-bird’s harrowing shriek,


The bellowing monster, and the rushing storm;


Now to the sweet and many-mingling sounds


Of kindliest human impulses respond.


Those lonely realms bright garden-isles begem,


With lightsome clouds and shining seas between,


And fertile valleys, resonant with bliss,


Whilst green woods overcanopy the wave,


Which like a toil-worn laborer leaps to shore


To meet the kisses of the flowrets there.


‘All things are recreated, and the flame


Of consentaneous love inspires all life.


The fertile bosom of the earth gives suck


To myriads, who still grow beneath her care,


Rewarding her with their pure perfectness;


The balmy breathings of the wind inhale


Her virtues and diffuse them all abroad;


Health floats amid the gentle atmosphere,


Glows in the fruits and mantles on the stream;


No storms deform the beaming brow of heaven,


Nor scatter in the freshness of its pride


The foliage of the ever-verdant trees;


But fruits are ever ripe, flowers ever fair,


And autumn proudly bears her matron grace,


Kindling a flush on the fair cheek of spring,


Whose virgin bloom beneath the ruddy fruit


Reflects its tint and blushes into love.


‘The lion now forgets to thirst for blood;


There might you see him sporting in the sun


Beside the dreadless kid; his claws are sheathed,


His teeth are harmless, custom’s force has made


His nature as the nature of a lamb.


Like passion’s fruit, the nightshade’s tempting bane


Poisons no more the pleasure it bestows;


All bitterness is past; the cup of joy


Unmingled mantles to the goblet’s brim


And courts the thirsty lips it fled before.


But chief, ambiguous man, he that can know


More misery, and dream more joy than all;


Whose keen sensations thrill within his breast


To mingle with a loftier instinct there,


Lending their power to pleasure and to pain,


Yet raising, sharpening, and refining each;


Who stands amid the ever-varying world,


The burden or the glory of the earth;


He chief perceives the change; his being notes


The gradual renovation and defines


Each movement of its progress on his mind.


‘Man, where the gloom of the long polar night


Lowers o'er the snow-clad rocks and frozen soil,


Where scarce the hardiest herb that braves the frost


Basks in the moonlight’s ineffectual glow,


Shrank with the plants, and darkened with the night;


His chilled and narrow energies, his heart


Insensible to courage, truth or love,


His stunted stature and imbecile frame,


Marked him for some abortion of the earth,


Fit compeer of the bears that roamed around,


Whose habits and enjoyments were his own;


His life a feverish dream of stagnant woe,


Whose meagre wants, but scantily fulfilled,


Apprised him ever of the joyless length


Which his short being’s wretchedness had reached;


His death a pang which famine, cold and toil


Long on the mind, whilst yet the vital spark


Clung to the body stubbornly, had brought:


All was inflicted here that earth’s revenge


Could wreak on the infringers of her law;


One curse alone was spared -the name of God.


‘Nor, where the tropics bound the realms of day


With a broad belt of mingling cloud and flame,


Where blue mists through the unmoving atmosphere


Scattered the seeds of pestilence and fed


Unnatural vegetation, where the land


Teemed with all earthquake, tempest and disease,


Was man a nobler being; slavery


Had crushed him to his country’s blood-stained dust;


Or he was bartered for the fame of power,


Which, all internal impulses destroying,


Makes human will an article of trade;


Or he was changed with Christians for their gold


And dragged to distant isles, where to the sound


Of the flesh-mangling scourge he does the work


Of all-polluting luxury and wealth,


Which doubly visits on the tyrants’ heads


The long-protracted fulness of their woe;


Or he was led to legal butchery,


To turn to worms beneath that burning sun


Where kings first leagued against the rights of men


And priests first traded with the name of God.


‘Even where the milder zone afforded man


A seeming shelter, yet contagion there,


Blighting his being with unnumbered ills,


Spread like a quenchless fire; nor truth till late


Availed to arrest its progress or create


That peace which first in bloodless victory waved


Her snowy standard o'er this favored clime;


There man was long the train-bearer of slaves,


The mimic of surrounding misery,


The jackal of ambition’s lion-rage,


The bloodhound of religion’s hungry zeal.


‘Here now the human being stands adorning


This loveliest earth with taintless body and mind;


Blest from his birth with all bland impulses,


Which gently in his noble bosom wake


All kindly passions and all pure desires.


Him, still from hope to hope the bliss pursuing


Which from the exhaustless store of human weal


Draws on the virtuous mind, the thoughts that rise


In time-destroying infiniteness gift


With self-enshrined eternity, that mocks


The unprevailing hoariness of age;


And man, once fleeting o'er the transient scene


Swift as an unremembered vision, stands


Immortal upon earth; no longer now


He slays the lamb that looks him in the face,


And horribly devours his mangled flesh,


Which, still avenging Nature’s broken law,


Kindled all putrid humors in his frame,


All evil passions and all vain belief,


Hatred, despair and loathing in his mind,


The germs of misery, death, disease and crime.


No longer now the wingèd habitants,


That in the woods their sweet lives sing away,


Flee from the form of man; but gather round,


And prune their sunny feathers on the hands


Which little children stretch in friendly sport


Towards these dreadless partners of their play.


All things are void of terror; man has lost


His terrible prerogative, and stands


An equal amidst equals; happiness


And science dawn, though late, upon the earth;


Peace cheers the mind, health renovates the frame;


Disease and pleasure cease to mingle here,


Reason and passion cease to combat there;


Whilst each unfettered o'er the earth extend


Their all-subduing energies, and wield


The sceptre of a vast dominion there;


Whilst every shape and mode of matter lends


Its force to the omnipotence of mind,


Which from its dark mine drags the gem of truth


To decorate its paradise of peace.’

\chapter{IX}


‘O happy Earth, reality of Heaven!


To which those restless souls that ceaselessly


Throng through the human universe, aspire!


Thou consummation of all mortal hope!


Thou glorious prize of blindly working will,


Whose rays, diffused throughout all space and time,


Verge to one point and blend forever there!


Of purest spirits thou pure dwelling-place


Where care and sorrow, impotence and crime,


Languor, disease and ignorance dare not come!


O happy Earth, reality of Heaven!


‘Genius has seen thee in her passionate dreams;


And dim forebodings of thy loveliness,


Haunting the human heart, have there entwined


Those rooted hopes of some sweet place of bliss,


Where friends and lovers meet to part no more.


Thou art the end of all desire and will,


The product of all action; and the souls,


That by the paths of an aspiring change


Have reached thy haven of perpetual peace,


There rest from the eternity of toil


That framed the fabric of thy perfectness.


‘Even Time, the conqueror, fled thee in his fear;


That hoary giant, who in lonely pride


So long had ruled the world that nations fell


Beneath his silent footstep. Pyramids,


That for millenniums had withstood the tide


Of human things, his storm-breath drove in sand


Across that desert where their stones survived


The name of him whose pride had heaped them there.


Yon monarch, in his solitary pomp,


Was but the mushroom of a summer day,


That his light-wingèd footstep pressed to dust;


Time was the king of earth; all things gave way


Before him but the fixed and virtuous will,


The sacred sympathies of soul and sense,


That mocked his fury and prepared his fall.


‘Yet slow and gradual dawned the morn of love;


Long lay the clouds of darkness o'er the scene,


Till from its native heaven they rolled away:


First, crime triumphant o'er all hope careered


Unblushing, undisguising, bold and strong,


Whilst falsehood, tricked in virtue’s attributes,


Long sanctified all deeds of vice and woe,


Till, done by her own venomous sting to death,


She left the moral world without a law,


No longer fettering passion’s fearless wing,


Nor searing reason with the brand of God.


Then steadily the happy ferment worked;


Reason was free; and wild though passion went


Through tangled glens and wood-embosomed meads,


Gathering a garland of the strangest flowers,


Yet, like the bee returning to her queen,


She bound the sweetest on her sister’s brow,


Who meek and sober kissed the sportive child,


No longer trembling at the broken rod.


‘Mild was the slow necessity of death.


The tranquil spirit failed beneath its grasp,


Without a groan, almost without a fear,


Calm as a voyager to some distant land,


And full of wonder, full of hope as he.


The deadly germs of languor and disease


Died in the human frame, and purity


Blessed with all gifts her earthly worshippers.


How vigorous then the athletic form of age!


How clear its open and unwrinkled brow!


Where neither avarice, cunning, pride or care


Had stamped the seal of gray deformity


On all the mingling lineaments of time.


How lovely the intrepid front of youth,


Which meek-eyed courage decked with freshest grace;


Courage of soul, that dreaded not a name,


And elevated will, that journeyed on


Through life’s phantasmal scene in fearlessness,


With virtue, love and pleasure, hand in hand!


‘Then, that sweet bondage which is freedom’s self,


And rivets with sensation’s softest tie


The kindred sympathies of human souls,


Needed no fetters of tyrannic law.


Those delicate and timid impulses


In Nature’s primal modesty arose,


And with undoubting confidence disclosed


The growing longings of its dawning love,


Unchecked by dull and selfish chastity,


That virtue of the cheaply virtuous,


Who pride themselves in senselessness and frost.


No longer prostitution’s venomed bane


Poisoned the springs of happiness and life;


Woman and man, in confidence and love,


Equal and free and pure together trod


The mountain-paths of virtue, which no more


Were stained with blood from many a pilgrim’s feet.


‘Then, where, through distant ages, long in pride


The palace of the monarch-slave had mocked


Famine’s faint groan and penury’s silent tear,


A heap of crumbling ruins stood, and threw


Year after year their stones upon the field,


Wakening a lonely echo; and the leaves


Of the old thorn, that on the topmost tower


Usurped the royal ensign’s grandeur, shook


In the stern storm that swayed the topmost tower,


And whispered strange tales in the whirlwind’s ear.


‘Low through the lone cathedral’s roofless aisles


The melancholy winds a death-dirge sung.


It were a sight of awfulness to see


The works of faith and slavery, so vast,


So sumptuous, yet so perishing withal,


Even as the corpse that rests beneath its wall!


A thousand mourners deck the pomp of death


To-day, the breathing marble glows above


To decorate its memory, and tongues


Are busy of its life; to-morrow, worms


In silence and in darkness seize their prey.


‘Within the massy prison’s mouldering courts,


Fearless and free the ruddy children played,


Weaving gay chaplets for their innocent brows


With the green ivy and the red wall-flower


That mock the dungeon’s unavailing gloom;


The ponderous chains and gratings of strong iron


There rusted amid heaps of broken stone


That mingled slowly with their native earth;


There the broad beam of day, which feebly once


Lighted the cheek of lean captivity


With a pale and sickly glare, then freely shone


On the pure smiles of infant playfulness;


No more the shuddering voice of hoarse despair


Pealed through the echoing vaults, but soothing notes


Of ivy-fingered winds and gladsome birds


And merriment were resonant around.


‘These ruins soon left not a wreck behind;


Their elements, wide-scattered o'er the globe,


To happier shapes were moulded, and became


Ministrant to all blissful impulses;


Thus human things were perfected, and earth,


Even as a child beneath its mother’s love,


Was strengthened in all excellence, and grew


Fairer and nobler with each passing year.


‘Now Time his dusky pennons o'er the scene


Closes in steadfast darkness, and the past


Fades from our charmèd sight. My task is done;


Thy lore is learned. Earth’s wonders are thine own


With all the fear and all the hope they bring.


My spells are passed; the present now recurs.


Ah me! a pathless wilderness remains


Yet unsubdued by man’s reclaiming hand.


‘Yet, human Spirit! bravely hold thy course;


Let virtue teach thee firmly to pursue


The gradual paths of an aspiring change;


For birth and life and death, and that strange state


Before the naked soul has found its home,


All tend to perfect happiness, and urge


The restless wheels of being on their way,


Whose flashing spokes, instinct with infinite life,


Bicker and burn to gain their destined goal;


For birth but wakes the spirit to the sense


Of outward shows, whose unexperienced shape


New modes of passion to its frame may lend;


Life is its state of action, and the store


Of all events is aggregated there


That variegate the eternal universe;


Death is a gate of dreariness and gloom,


That leads to azure isles and beaming skies


And happy regions of eternal hope.


Therefore, O Spirit! fearlessly bear on.


Though storms may break the primrose on its stalk,


Though frosts may blight the freshness of its bloom,


Yet spring’s awakening breath will woo the earth


To feed with kindliest dews its favorite flower,


That blooms in mossy bank and darksome glens,


Lighting the greenwood with its sunny smile.


‘Fear not then, Spirit, death’s disrobing hand,


So welcome when the tyrant is awake,


So welcome when the bigot’s hell-torch burns;


’t is but the voyage of a darksome hour,


The transient gulf-dream of a startling sleep.


Death is no foe to virtue; earth has seen


Love’s brightest roses on the scaffold bloom,


Mingling with freedom’s fadeless laurels there,


And presaging the truth of visioned bliss.


Are there not hopes within thee, which this scene


Of linked and gradual being has confirmed?


Whose stingings bade thy heart look further still,


When, to the moonlight walk by Henry led,


Sweetly and sadly thou didst talk of death?


And wilt thou rudely tear them from thy breast,


Listening supinely to a bigot’s creed,


Or tamely crouching to the tyrant’s rod,


Whose iron thongs are red with human gore?


Never: but bravely bearing on, thy will


Is destined an eternal war to wage


With tyranny and falsehood, and uproot


The germs of misery from the human heart.


Thine is the hand whose piety would soothe


The thorny pillow of unhappy crime,


Whose impotence an easy pardon gains,


Watching its wanderings as a friend’s disease;


Thine is the brow whose mildness would defy


Its fiercest rage, and brave its sternest will,


When fenced by power and master of the world.


Thou art sincere and good; of resolute mind,


Free from heart-withering custom’s cold control,


Of passion lofty, pure and unsubdued.


Earth’s pride and meanness could not vanquish thee,


And therefore art thou worthy of the boon


Which thou hast now received; virtue shall keep


Thy footsteps in the path that thou hast trod,


And many days of beaming hope shall bless


Thy spotless life of sweet and sacred love.


Go, happy one, and give that bosom joy,


Whose sleepless spirit waits to catch


Light, life and rapture from thy smile!’


The Fairy waves her wand of charm.


Speechless with bliss the Spirit mounts the car,


That rolled beside the battlement,


Bending her beamy eyes in thankfulness.


Again the enchanted steeds were yoked;


Again the burning wheels inflame


The steep descent of heaven’s untrodden way.


Fast and far the chariot flew;


The vast and fiery globes that rolled


Around the Fairy’s palace-gate


Lessened by slow degrees, and soon appeared


Such tiny twinklers as the planet orbs


That there attendant on the solar power


With borrowed light pursued their narrower way.


Earth floated then below;


The chariot paused a moment there;


The Spirit then descended;


The restless coursers pawed the ungenial soil,


Snuffed the gross air, and then, their errand done,


Unfurled their pinions to the winds of heaven.


The Body and the Soul united then.


A gentle start convulsed Ianthe’s frame;


Her veiny eyelids quietly unclosed;


Moveless awhile the dark blue orbs remained.


She looked around in wonder, and beheld


Henry, who kneeled in silence by her couch,


Watching her sleep with looks of speechless love,


And the bright beaming stars


That through the casement shone.







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The Anarchist Library



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Percy Bysshe Shelley

Queen Mab

A Philosophical Poem

1813


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